Expected Credit Loss (ECL) Modeling Tools for Pakistani Banks:
The shift to the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) model under International Financial Reporting Standard 9 (IFRS 9) has fundamentally reshaped credit risk management and financial reporting for Pakistani banks. The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) has mandated this transition, replacing the retrospective ‘incurred loss’ model with a forward-looking approach that requires banks to estimate potential […]
